Cusack: One of my favorite quotes is from Arthur Miller, who said: "An
era can be considered over when its basic illusions have been
exhausted." And with
The Shock Doctrine,
you are basically trying to
shatter and obliterate the illusion of the neo-liberal or neo-con
fundamentalist free market -- this official narrative wherein we not
only are supposed to worship free markets that really aren't free, we
must actually kill
to feed them.
What the book rightly asks is what many have felt for a very
long time: shouldn't we make a moral choice that you either make
defense policy or you profit from it? I think that kind of transparency
would be very important to have in the public
sphere. Those people who go on CNN and are treated as impartial
statesmen when, in reality, the book -- which is triple footnoted and
sourced -- suggests otherwise. They did hold their former jobs...I
guess by defintion they are statesmen....but if we are compelled to be
honest we know they are other things as well... I'm speaking of people
like George Shultz or Richard Perle.
Klein: Right. If we look at who the real intellectual engines of this
war are, we'd see a web of people who are not simply the statesmen
they appear to me but card-carrying members of the disaster capitalism
complex -- shareholders, board-members and directors of companies that
profit directly and enormously from war and other disasters --
Cusack: Who would these people be..?
Klein: Well, for instance, the Committee for the Liberation of Iraq
was a propaganda arm of the Bush administration, publicly making the
case for the invasion of Iraq. And it was founded by Bruce Jackson, a
vice president of Lockheed Martin who had been out of his job for just
three months. Jackson stacked the committee with old colleagues from
Lockheed -- Charles Kupperman, Lockheed Martin's vice president for
space and strategic missiles was on it, and so was Douglas Graham,
Lockheed's director of defense systems. And even though the committee
was formed at the explicit request of the White House to make the case
for war in the public mind, no one had to step down from Lockheed or
sell his shares. Which was certainly good for committee members, since
Lockheed's share price jumped 145 percent thanks to the war they
helped engineer -- from $41 in March 2003 to $102 in February 2007. The
Committee for the Liberation of Iraq was chaired by George Shultz, who
wrote op-eds and went on TV beating the drums, and was presented just
as this respected statesman. But Shultz hasn't been in office for
decades. And in the meantime, he'd been working for Bechtel -- at the
time he was calling for the invasion, he was still on its board, and
since Bechtel is a privately held company, we don't know anything
about his holdings. We do know that Bechtel was one of the biggest
winners of the reconstruction game in Iraq, landing $2.3-billion in
contracts.
Cusack: How about James Baker and the $1 billion kickback that the Carlyle
Group used him to try to get from the government of Kuwait, which you
wrote about in The Nation?
Klein: Right. I talk about the incredible power of the "formers."
One of the distinguishing features of the Bush administration has been
its reliance on outside advisers and freelance envoys to perform key
functions: James Baker, Paul Bremer, Henry Kissinger, George Shultz,
Richard Perle, Bruce Jackson, and so on. So you have Congress playing
a rubber-stamp role during the pivotal decision-making years, and
Supreme Court rulings treated as little more than gentle suggestions,
while these mostly volunteer advisers have wielded enormous influence,
especially when it comes to Iraq. Their power stems from the fact that
they used to perform key roles in government -- they are former
secretaries of state, former ambassadors and former undersecretaries
of defense. All have been out of government for years and, in the
meantime, have set up lucrative careers in the disaster capitalism
complex. And because they are freelance government contractors, they
aren't subject to the same conflict-of-interest rules as elected or
appointed politicians. The effect has been to eliminate the so-called
revolving door between government and industry and allow the disaster
industries to simply set up shop inside the government, using the
reputations of these supposedly illustrious ex-politicians as cover.
As you say, in the press, they maintain their credibility as statesmen
-- their current, far more relevant work in the corporate world is
almost never mentioned. You brought up Baker. He was Bush's debt envoy
to Iraq while he was still a partner in the Carlyle Group, which is a
major arms trader whose fortunes have exploded since the war. He was
also still a partner at Baker Botts, which represents some of the
largest oil companies in the world, as well as Halliburton. Kissinger
is another classic example of the power of the formers because he's
primarily been a businessman, not a statesman, now for some 25 years.
He met with Bush and Cheney regularly making Iraq policy -- according
to Bob Woodward, more than any other advisor. But who was he
representing in those meetings? Kissinger has repeatedly put his
business interests ahead of the public interest, most dramatically
when he resigned as chair of the 9/11 Commission rather than disclose
his list of corporate clients at Kissinger Associates.
Another example is Richard Perle. Richard Perle headed the Defense
Policy Board. Just two months after 9/11 he launched a venture capital
firm called Trireme Partners that exists to invest in the homeland
security and defense sectors. One of his first investors was Boeing
-- it sunk $20 million in Trireme. Meanwhile, Perle is using the
Defense Policy Board to make the case for war. And of course Boeing
was another one of the huge winners from the invasion of Iraq.
So I asked the question, "Why is it that we refer to Richard Perle
merely as an ideologue -- rather than, say, as an arms dealer with an
impressive vocabulary?"
Cusack: The question becomes one of intellectual
honesty and basic morality. I wanted to talk about the players or the
heirs of the Friedman legacy who are in the public sector today... The
Grover Norquists and Bill Kristols of the world come to mind ...You
also talk about the Heritage Foundation, the Cato Institute, the
American Enterprise Institute as pursuing the goal of the elimination
of the public sphere and the total liberation of corporations.
Klein: I refer to the people in those think tanks as
"the people who are paid to think by the makers of tanks" because a
huge amount of the funding for these think tanks is coming directly
from the weapons and homeland security industry. They are funded by
some of the wealthiest families and the wealthiest corporations in this
country so the question of intellectual honesty really has to come up.
They exist in a strange intellectual gray zone where they get money in
order to think. And besides, I'm not sure thinking really belongs in
tanks.
Cusack: So you're saying that the Shultzes and the
Perles and the Kissingers and the Jim Bakers of the world are embedded
in the homeland security/privatized war economy?
Klein: More than embedded. I mean, they are it.
Cusack: I was trying to --
[laughter ]
Klein: Why are you trying to be polite?
Cusack: I don't know. I don't know. That's part of the
problem, too: being polite with this immorality and not having the
courage to call something what it is...The refusal of the Congress to
challenge Bush in a meaningful way is proof of the Democratic
complicity in the new economy. To name only right wing people is to
ignore the central thesis of intellectual honesty as the first step in
a long corrective march... So we'll have to talk about what Democrats
are in on this game and name them, too...we'll have to get into that
later.
